00:49Dahe News With the broadcast in many film and television dramas, the image of Jin Yiwei wearing a flying fish suit and carrying an embroidered spring knife on his waist has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. In fact, not every Jin Yiwei can own the Feiyu suit, nor is it exclusive to Jin Yiwei. So is Feiyu suit Hanfu? How is it different from other Hanfu? On November 24, Dahe.com reporters invited Yuan Shuangbin, Secretary General of the Hanfu Professional Committee of the Henan Garment Industry Association, to reveal the secrets of Feiyu Suit.
The old Tibetan fragrant horse and hemp flying fish robe of the Confucius Mansion
The flying fish robe is a kind of gifted robe, which represents a very high honor
"Flying fish robe" Of course, the clothes are Hanfu, but unlike other Hanfu, Feiyu clothes are gifts. "Yuan Shuangbin said that gifts refer to the clothes given by the emperor to ministers. Gift clothes are not within the pinguan dress system but are higher than the pinguan dress system. . Many dynasties had gifu, but gifu in the Ming Dynasty was particularly distinctive.
The "gift of uniforms" itself is not a standard uniform for civil and military officials, but a very high courtesy given by the emperor to his ministers. It is regarded as a very high honor for a minister to receive a "gift of uniforms".
Flying fish pattern
So why can flying fish clothing be used as a gift? Strictly speaking, Feiyufu is actually a kind of Hanfu made of flying fish patterns. "Linyi Guoji" records: "The flying fish has a round body, more than ten feet long, heavy feathers, and wings like a cicada." Yuan Shuangbin explained: "The flying fish is a mythical animal with a dragon head, wings, and a fish tail. The flying fish is a deformation of a dragon. , Feiyu suit is essentially an emperor’s dragon robea derivative of. ”
Flying fish clothing made by Hanfu merchants
Yuan Shuangbin introduced: "Flying fish patterns can appear on various types of clothing, such as drapes, linings, round collars, Taoist robes, etc. Simply understood, it is a reward from the emperor. It’s a piece of fabric with these patterns on it. As for the shape of the clothes, it’s up to you.”
The most noble gift is not the flying fish suit, but the python suit
p>"History of the Ming Dynasty·Yu Fu Zhi" records: In the 13th year of Zhengde's reign, "each of the ministers was given a red silk silk yarn. The colors of their clothes were: first-grade python, second-grade flying fish, third-grade bullfighting, and fourth- and fifth-grade unicorns. , Sixth and seventh-grade tigers, and Biao; Hanlin Kedao is not limited to grades; only those under the fifth grade of the Ministry of Cao are not allowed." From this, it can be seen that the highest level of clothing patterns in the Ming Dynasty was the python suit, followed by the flying fish suit, and also included the bullfighting suit. clothing, unicorn clothing, etc.
The python suit is a gift with a python pattern. It is the highest-level gift in the Ming Dynasty. Its level of dignity is second only to the dragon robe worn by the emperor. It has favored the eunuchs, ministers and other officials in the Ming Dynasty. Special rewards are given. "History of the Ming Dynasty·Yu Fu Zhi" records: "Given the python, it is difficult for first-class civil and military officials to obtain it."
The python originally refers to a big snake. "Erya Notes" records: "The python is the largest snake, so it is called the king snake." The python in the Ming Dynasty was a high-level decoration second only to the dragon. The overall shape is almost the same as the dragon. The difference between the two is in the claws. The python only has Four claws. Yuan Shuangbin introduced: "Generally speaking, the position and level of python clothing in the gift of clothing is the first. Among them, the image of the python animal pattern painted on the python clothing is a symbol of distinction. There are 'sitting on a python' and 'walking' There are two kinds of pythons, and sitting on a python is especially noble."
The statue of Kong Yinchun, the 65th generation Yanshenggong (the person in the picture is wearing a python suit)
"Bullfighting is a clothing pattern after the python and flying fish patterns. The bullfighting in the Ming Dynasty was in the shape of a python, with fish in it. The tail and the horns of the head are bent downwards like a bull's horns. "Bullfighting" originally refers to the constellations of Dou and Niu in the twenty-eight constellations. "Yuan Shuangbin introduced. Bullfight uniforms are generally awarded to officials of third rank or above. The biggest feature of the bullfighting uniform is that the two horns on the head are bent downwards like horns, which distinguishes it from other patterns.
Ming Dynasty Bullfighting Uniform with Big Red Diameter Gauze and Gold Color Embroidered Persimmon Died and Over-the-shoulder Bullfighting Uniform
The bullfighting uniform in the Ming Dynasty was in the shape of a bull horn and a dragon. It is currently in the Ming Dynasty Tomb in Weizikeng, Nanyuan, Beijing, and the Ming Tomb in Bancun Village, Nanjing Taipingmenwai , Ming tombs in the suburbs of Guangzhou have been found in kind.
Bullfighting Pattern
Qilin is a famous beast of benevolence and righteousness in ancient legends. The emperor of the Ming Dynasty used Qilin clothing as a kind of gift and rewarded it to ministers of the fourth and fifth grades. Yuan Shuangbin introduced: "The Qilin pattern in the Ming Dynasty is a dragon head, with double horns on the head, scales on the body, often tooth-shaped back, and cow's hoof-like feet, and the body length is much shorter than that of the dragon. The hoof-shaped feet are the Qilin clothing in the Ming Dynasty. The most significant distinguishing feature from other gifts.”
Ming dynasty Dahong diameter gauze floor gold color embroidered persimmon base over-the-shoulder unicorn suit
In ancient times, these people could receive gifts
Yuan Shuangbin introduced, The scope of "gifting clothes" in the Ming Dynasty was relatively wide. Generally, there were three types of people who could get this special clothing: a small number of courtiers or descendants of famous people who had made contributions to the court, eunuchs in the palace, and kings of foreign countries.
Python clothing made by Hanfu merchants
It is understood that in the fifteenth year of Hongzhi (1502), the "Da Ming Huidian" was completed. In order to reward the ministers who participated in the compilation, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty specially awarded the bachelor Liu Jian , Li Dongyang, Xie Qian and other python suits set a precedent for cabinet ministers to give python suits. Qi Jiguang, the anti-Japanese general, also received the honor of being given python suits by the emperor. In the Miaofa Temple in Kyoto, Japan, there is a collection of costumes given by Emperor Sejong during the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty to the then Japanese King Toyotomi Hideyoshi, including python suits, unicorn suits, flying fish suits, etc.
"China has great etiquette, so it is called Xia; it has the beauty of clothing and seals, so it is called Hua." Yuan Shuangbin said, "We like Hanfu, not only like this gorgeous piece of clothing, but also the deep-seated culture Heritage and love for the excellent traditional Chinese culture nurtured by the civilization and history of the Chinese nation” (Text/Photo provided by Yang Lulu)
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